Growth-promoting and yield-increasing feedstuffs which contain the antibiotic moenomycin



United States Patent 3,279 923 GROWTH-PROMOTING AND YIELD-INCREASING FEEDSTUFFS WHICH CONTAIN THE ANTIBI- OTIC MOENOMYCIN Fritz Bauer, Bad Soden, Taunus, Gerhard Huber, Frankfurt am Main, and Karl Heinz Wallhiiusser, Hofheim, Taunus, Germany, assignors to Farbwerke Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft vormals Meister Lucius & Bruning, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, a corporation of Germany. No Drawing. Filed Mar. 18, 1963, Ser. No. 266,070 Claims priority, application Germany, Mar. 22, 1962, F 36,347 2 Claims. (Cl. 99-2) the Moenomycin addition to the feed was distinctly superior to that of an chloroetracycline addition, even if the quantity of the latter in the feed was 20 times the quantity of Moenomycin.

Moenomycin is advantageously distinguished from the afore-mentioned antibiotics in that it distinctly improves the conversion of the fodder given to the animals, even if optimum feed mixtures are used.

The fee-dstulfs according to the present invention, i.e. the Moenomycin-containing feedstufrs, are particularly suitable for the feeding of poultry, advantageously for broilers, turkeys, pigs and calves as well as for cattle, cows, and fattening bulls.

The following examples illustrate the invention, but they are not intended to limit it thereto:

EXAMPLE 1 The tests for the growth-promoting effect of Moenomycin-containing feedstutfs were carried out on male Nicholchicks kept in electrically heated brooders with meshwire bottoms. The tests were started with day-old chicks and extended over a period of 4 to 6 weeks. During this period of time, the chicks were weighed at regular intervals and their feed consumption was determined.

The feed mixture given to the chicks had the following composition:

Moenomycin, an antibiotic which can be obtained by Percent the process of German Patent 1,113,791, is formed rnain- Soybean meal 30.0 ly in the mycelium of a streptomyces; as addition to feed- Cassava meal 25.0 stuffs it may be usedin the form of the killed and dried Corn meal 20.0 mycelium or in the form of the product isolated from the Peanut meal 11.0 mycelium which is then, if required after purification, in- Molasses 5.0 corporated with the feedstuif. Fat 2.5

Now, we have found that these Moenomycin-contain- Cod-fish meal l 1.0 ing feedstuffs considerably promote the growth and Fish meal 1.0 markedly improve the feed efliciency of the animals fed Fish-solubles 0.5 with them. Moenomycin may be added, for example, in Dried whey 0.5 the amounts specified above, to the conventional feed Alfalfa meal 0.5 mixtures, for example, the feeds that conform to the 40 Calcium carbonate 1.0 specifications of the German Agricultural Society (DLG). Mineral salts 2.0

In serial tests of 2 to 6 weeks duration with chicks, the f addition of Moenomycin to the feed in quantities ranging 100.0 from 0.5 to 20 g. per ton of feed resulted in improved Vitamin content per kg. weight gains that ranged from 4.7 to 37.0% and increased feed efliciency (kg. of feed per kg. of w igh g in) in Vitamin A I.U 8000 the range from 2.9 to 9.4%. The tables of the examples Vitami D I U 1000 show that the effect produced with Moenomycin was in itami E I.U 4 all cases distinctly superior to the effect produced with Vi i B mg 3.2 penicillin, b'acitracin, and chlorotetracycline tested in the vi a i B 12y same test series. Of particular importance was the s r- Pantothem'c acid mg 6.0 prising finding that the additions of even Sm ll amo nt Nicotinic acid -mg 8.0 of Moenomycin to the feed already produced extra- Cholin mg 20.0 ordinarily high weight gains. For example, the eifect of Methionine mg 100.0

TABLE TO EXAMPLE 1 A Moenomycin was used which had been isolated from the mycelium. 200 chicks each were treated with any one of the antibiotics (in 5 groups each of 40 animals). The results are given hereunder.

Atter2weeks Atter iweeks h g 9i A er e Im roved Improve- Average Improved Improve- Addmve pgr lrg vs eigli t w ight Average ment of weight weight Average merit of of feed gain in gain in feed feed efligain in gain in feed feed efiigrams percent efiieiency ciency in grams percent efiicieney clency in percent percent l a- T i: Egg 2 lg g htffflfj::::::::::::::::::::: i8 ii? ii? i234 $413 505 +519 2311 +318 t u? EXAMPLE 2 Percent A basic feed mixture having the following composition Whefat bran 3 was used. Calcium phosphate 2 Calcium carbonatev 1 Percent Cattle salt 0.3 Fish meal 5 Mixture of trace elements 0.5 'FlSh-SOhlbleS 2 t f 0 2 Soybean meal ix ure 0 v1 amins .Dried yeast Alfalfa meal Th b t f d Barleyfifl 10 e a ove mix ure 0 vitamins consiste 0 Oats Vitamin A I.U. 5000 Corn Vitamin D I .U. 500 Wheat Vitamin B mg'. 2 Wheat middlings Vitamin B 'y 10 TABLE TO EXAMPLE 2' As in Example 1, 80 Nichol-chicks each were treated with each antibiotic; the test period extended over a period of 6 weeks and in addition to chlorotetracycline, penicillin was also used with 80 control chicks. Whereas isolated Moenomycin was used in Example 1, the rnycelium was used in the present case. The results are given hereunder:

After 2 weeks After 4 weeks Alter 6 weeks Quantity v of anti- Aver- Im- Aver- Improve- Aver- Im- Aver- Improve- Aver-' IIn- Aver- Improve- Additive biotic in age proved age merit of age proved age merit of age proved age merit of mg. per weight weight feed feed eifiweight weight feed feed eifiweight weight feed feed arti-v kg.0f1eed gain gain efficiency in gain gain efficiency in gain gain efi'iciency in in g. perciency percent in g. in perciency percent in g. in perciency percent cent cent cent None-(Control) 130.5 1.87 425.3 2. 34 898.4 2.57 Chlorotetracyclirie .10 140.5 +7.7 1.94 3.7 440.2 +3.3 2.32 +09 926.9 +3.2 2.55 +0.8 Penicillin '10 137.3 +5. 2 1.92 2. 7 448.7 +5.3 2.30 +1.7 932.2 +3.8 2.50 +2.25 Moenomycin (as 1 mycei1um)... 145.9 +11.8 1.80 +3.9 453.9 +6. 5 2.27 +3.1 940.7 +4.7 2.48 +3.6

EXAMPLE 3 The eifect of an addition ofMoenomycin isolated from mycelium was compared with that of chlorotetracycline and penicillin additions. The basic feed was the same as in Example 2. 80 Nichol-chicks were used for each test. The tests extended over a period of 6 weeks and the following results were obtained:

TABLE TO EXAMPLE 3 After 2 weeks After 4 weeks After 6 weeks Quantity of anti- Aver- Im- Aver- Improve- Aver- Im- Aver- Improve- Aver- Im- Aver- Improve- Additive. biotic in age proved age merit of age proved age merit of age proved age ment of mg. per weight weight teed teed efliweight weight feed feed effi- 5 weight weight feed feed effikg. of feed gain gain efiiciency in gain gain efiicicney in gain gain etticiency in in g in pereiency percent in g. in perciency percent in g in perciency percent cent cent cent None (Control)..- 139.5 1.85 515.3 2.14 963,9 47 Chlorotetracycline. 10 139. 5 o 1.81 +2.2 509.8 -1. 1 2.11 +1.4 957.0 +0.3 2. 40 +2.9 Penicillin 10 137. 5 -1.5 1.77 +4.5 508. 0 1.4 2.09 +2.4 987.9 +2.5 2.39 +3.3 Moenomycin 10 155.3 +113 1. 77 +4. 5 551. 6 +7.0 2.08 +2.9 1,010.1 +4.8 2. 35 +4.7

EXAMPLE 4 The effect of the addition of 5 mg. and mg. respectively, of Moenomycin per kg. of feed was compared with that of an addition of 10 mg. of chlorotetracycline per kg. of feed, while using a basic feedstufi that had a less favourable composition, viz. a content of 20.3% of crude protein and thus a productive energy of 1890 cal./kg.

96 male Nichol-chicks each, divided in 8 groups each of 12 animals kept in brooders were treated. The test exspecified hereunder:

tended over a period of 4 weeks and brought the results 10 6 EXAMPLE 6 TABLE TO EXAMPLE 4 After 2 weeks After 4 weeks Quantity of Additive antibiotic in Average Improved Improve- Average Improved Improvemg. per kg. weight weight Average ment oi weight weight Average ment of of feed gain in gain in feed feed efligain in gain in feed feed effigrams percent efficiency ciency in grams percent eiiiciency ciency in percent percent None (Control 113. 6 1. 85 385. 4 2. 32 Chlorotetracyeline 10 126. 7 +11. 5 1. 79 +3. 3 416. 7 +8. 1 2. +5. 4 Moenomyein 5 128.8 +13. 4 1. 71 +8. 2 430.0 +11. 6 2. 12 +9. 4 D0 10 132. 6 +16. 7 1. 76 +5. 1 442. 4 +14. 8 2. 21 +5.0

EXAMPLE 5 In a fifth test series, the effects produced with 2.5 mg. Both feeds had the followmg composmons: of Moenomycin per kg. of feed were compared with that produced by 5 mg. of zinc bactitracin per kg. of feed. In this test, a feed having the composition given hereunder was used. I

male Nichol-chicks each, divided in 5 subgroups each of 8 animals kept in brooders, were treated.

F h 1 Percent Percent s mea 6 Percent Meat and bone meal 1 F1511 meal 3 5 gish-solullfles 3 3 oya rnea 14 20 Meat and bone meal 1 Dried Wash 3 3 Fish-solubles 1 iglfallfa meala 3 ar ey 10 10 Molasses 5 oatsun 10 Soybean meal 22 80m 23 40 assava mea 2 Alfalfa meal 3 Calcium phosphate 2 2 Barley 11 Calcium carbonate- 1 1 Oats 5 Iodized cattle sa1t 0. 5 0. 5 Mixture of trace elements S/59 0. 5 0. 5 Corn 25 Premixture (Maize meal) 1 1 meal 1 100. 0 100.0 Calcium phosphate 1 Calcium carbonate 1.5 I-odized cattle salt 0.15 Mixture of trace elements S/59 0.5 Mixture of vitamins 0.75 Methionine 0.1

100.0 I Vitamin content per kg. of feed Vitamin content per kg. of feed Vitamin A I.U 4000 3 300 Vitamin D I.U 1000 xl f Vitamin E I.U 15 ltamm 12 7 Vitamin B mg 4 The test results are given in the following table: Vitamin B 27 TABLE TO EXAMPLE 5 After 2 weeks After 4 weeks After 6 weeks) Quantity of Additive antibiotic in Average Improved Average Improved Average Improved Average Improvemg. per kg. weight weight weight weight weight weight teed ment of of feed gain in gain in gain in gain in gain in gain in efficiency feed efligrams percent grams percent grams percent eiency in percent None (Control) 158. 3 364. 5 824. 7 2. 75 Zine-bacitracin. 5 161. 2 +1.8 394. 2 +8. 1 853. 5 +3. 5 2. +3. 7 Moenomycin 2. 5 177. 3 +12. 1 499. 5 +37. 0 992. 5 +20. 3 2. 58 +6. 2

7 the end of the test (after'12'weeks') and compared with TABLE TO EXAMPLE 6 The results of the tests carried out with 30 male Nicholchicks each with each of both basic feeds are given hereunder:

After 2 weeks After 4 weeks After 6 weeks Quantity of anti- Aver- Im- Aver- Improve- Aver- Im- Aver- Improve- Aver- Im- Aver Improvc- Additive biotic in age proved age merit of age proved age merit of age proved age merit of mg. per weight weight feed feed efiiweight weight feed feed e01 weight weight feed feed eflikg. of feed gain gain efiieieney in gain gain efficieney in gain gain eihciency in in g. in pereiency percent in g. in percieney percent in g. in pereieney percent cent cent eent FEED I None (Cntr0l) 137 2. 28 357 2. 57 777 2.73 Chlorotetraeycline 10 134 --2.2 2.20 +3.5 358 :|:0 2. 49 +3.1 766 1.4 2.72 +0.4 Moenomycin 0. 5 147 +7. 3 2. 06 +9. 6 399 +11. 8 2. 35 +8. 6 826 +6. 3 2. 59 +5. 1

FEED 11 None (Control) n 149 1.90 394 2. 27 854 2. 48 Chlorotetracycline 155 +4. 0 1. 92 -1. 0 416 +5. 6 2. 23 +1. 8 879 +2. 9 2. 47 +0. 4 Moenomycin 0. 5 165 +10. 7 1.82 +4. 2 443 +12. 4 2. 11 +7. 0 906 +6. 1 2. 39 +3. 0

25 Vitamin content per kg. of feed EXAMPLE 7 Vitamin A I.U 2000 Vitamin D I.U 250 The growth-promoting effect of Moenomycin, incor- Vitamin B1 1.5 porated with the hereunder described feed mixture, was Vitamin B2 tested for on pigs and compared with that of chlorotetra- Vitamin B12 157 cycline. Each group had 7 animals. The individual Pantothmlicv acid 100 weights and average weight gains were determined at the beginning of the test, after 4 weeks of treatment, and at those of the animals of the control group.

The test results are given in the following table; they evidence that the weight gains achieved by the use of Moenomycin addition were much better than those achieved with chlorotetracyeline, though the latter was used in a quadrifold amount.

TABLE TO EXAMPLE 7 After 4 weeks After 12 weeks Quantity of Average 7 V antibiotic weight at Additive in mg. per beginning Average Improved Average Improved kg. of feed of tests weight weight weight weight in kg. gain in gain in gain in gain in kg. percent kg. percent None (Control 23. 4 .14. 0 52. 5 Ohlorotetraeyehne. 10 23. 3 16. 57 +18. 3 53. 7 -I- 2. 3 Moenomycin 2. 5 23. 5 17. 07 +21. 9 57. 3 +9. 1

Percent Fish meal 3 Meat meal 2 Fish-solubles 1 Sugar beet cuttings We claim:

Potato flocks Soya meal 17 Methionine 1. A growth-promoting and yield-increasing feedstuif containing 0.1 to 50 mg. of Moenomycin per kg. of feed.

2. A growth-promoting and yield-increasing feedstufl containing 0.5 to 10 mg. of Moenomycin per kg. of feed.

No references cited.

A. LOUIS MONACELL, Primary Examiner.

D. I. DONOVAN, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A GROWTH-PROMOTING AND YIELD-INCREASING FEEDSTUFF CONTAINING 0.1 TO 50 MG. OF MOENOMYCIN PER KG. OF FEED. 